Geoforce Indonesia is a company engaged in the field as a geosynthetic soil reinforcement materials with main product segmental retaining wall, earthwork, geosynthetic and soil improvement
In the construction of new railway tracks, geosynthetics can function as separators from materials that have different grain distributions, filters, drainage and soil reinforcement. Geosynthetics can be installed in or under the ballast or sub-ballast layers.
SEPARATION
Geosynthetics can be used as separator layers of railway track supporting structures made of materials with different properties and grain sizes. The track of rail travel on the rails causes repeated cyclic movements in the supporting structures. And as a result, the fine grains of the subgrade subgrade can be "pumped" upward into the granular soil layer, reducing the strength and drainage capacity of this layer. Moreover, geosynthetics can reduce the entry of aggregate subbase grains into the subgrade, thus this layer will always maintain its thickness and integrity so that its life time will be longer. To be able to provide this function, geosynthetics must be resistant to concentrated forces such as tearing, pitting and penetrating forces and have a pore size in accordance with the grain size of the material that must be resisted.
REINFORCEMENT
Geosynthetics (geotextiles, geogrids and geocells) which are installed on unstable sub-grade layers (subgrade) can eliminate the need to replace this soil due to the addition of bearing capacity in this system due to better stress distribution. When installed in ballast or sub-ballast layers, geosynthetics can help to reduce settlement caused by lateral movement of ballast and sub-ballast materials. The characteristics of geosynthetic materials that must be considered for this function are the interaction between geosynthetic-soil/ballast, resistance to damage during construction and operation, modulus of stiffness and tensile strength of geosynthetic reinforcement materials.
FILTRATION
The flow of water from the sub-grade subgrade into the granular layer allows carrying the fines from the subgrade. This can occur due to the increase in stress levels in the sub-grade due to the load on the railroad track. In this case, the geotextile can function as a filter, which allows water to flow freely but otherwise the sub-grade soil grains are retained. To be able to fulfill this, geotextiles must have adequate permeability properties and retention properties so as to prevent clogging.
DRAINAGE
Good drainage is a critical factor to prevent the structure of the railway track from degrading its performance due to water from rainwater or from subgrade that enters the ballast layer. Geo-composite drainage materials installed in appropriate locations within the track structure can provide drainage across the track, preventing water accumulation from occurring. In this application the geo-composite must have sufficient discharge capacity and not be damaged. If the geosynthetic material is properly installed, it can improve rail performance by increasing the design life and extending the maintenance cycle period.
Geosynthetics are various types of synthetic polymer materials that are specially fabricated for use in geotechnical, geo-environmental, hydraulic and transportation engineering applications.
In general, geosynthetic materials can be identified as having the main functions, namely separation or separator, filter, drainage, reinforcement, liquid and gas storage as well as erosion control. In some applications in the field, geosynthetic materials can simultaneously serve two or even more of these functions.
Geosynthetics can be effectively used as drainage and filters in civil works and environmental engineering as an addition to or substitute for conventional granular materials. Geosynthetics are easier to install in the field and often cost less when the available granular material does not meet specifications, or has some constraints on applicable environmental regulations.
Hydraulic structures is a highly growing segment of the geosynthetic market. What is meant by hydraulic structure here is for dams and canals. Hydraulic structures in contact with water can be a cause of more serious damage to the environment. Geosynthetics are often required to limit interactions between structures and water. Geosynthetics can increase the stability of hydraulic structures.
The use of geosynthetics in agriculture is one of the fastest growing market segments worldwide. The earliest applications of geosynthetics were for agricultural use and the specification of geosynthetics was directed at lining ponds for agriculture, including linings for ditches, ditches, and irrigation canals to help conserve water, lining farm ponds, and rainwater catchment ponds in arid regions of the world. Nowadays, the use of geosynthetics and geomembranes, especially in agriculture, has grown significantly in recent years.
Erosion is a natural process caused by forces from water or wind. This is influenced by several factors, such as soil type, types of plants and land degradation, and can also be accelerated by several human activities that occur in the area. Uncontrolled erosion process can cause severe damage to the existing structure and also to the environment.
Geosynthetics are effective for use as an unpaved road reinforcement layer and also as a work platform on soft soils. If properly designed, a geosynthetic can have one or more of the following functions: separation, reinforcement and drainage functions
Horizontal layers of geosynthetic reinforcement can be applied to the embankment soil of the retaining wall system to provide a reinforced soil mass that functions like a gravity wall structure to withstand lateral stresses that occur behind the reinforcement zone.
Roads or highways are the most important infrastructure in development in every country. Due to the very heavy load of vehicular traffic, climatic conditions and the property of the materials used in the structure, the road pavement cannot achieve the expected performance.
In the construction of new railway tracks, geosynthetics can function as separators from materials that have different grain distributions, filters, drainage and soil reinforcement. Geosynthetics can be installed in or under the ballast or sub-ballast layers.
Embankment construction on soft soil is a very challenging job. In this context, the use of geosynthetics to improve embankment stability is one of the most effective and an excellent form of application in soil reinforcement engineering.
